Nutritional compositions of Katuk leaves and their supplementation to hays of different quality: an <i>in vitro</i> study

Abstract Katuk leaves ( Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.; KL) are widely consumed by breast-feeding Indonesian mothers as it has been reported to increase breast milk production. It is hypothesized that supplementing KL in diets might crude protein (CP) concentration and fibre digestibility the diet. The had high CP non-fibre carbohydrate concentrations (333 332 g/kg dry matter; DM, respectively), but low neutral detergent assayed with heat, a stable amylase expressed exclusive of residual ash (aNDFom; 200 DM). Fibre linearly increased increasing supplementation low-quality hay (LQH) diets. did not contain considerable amount tannins. In LQH diets, gas production after 24 h incubation (GP ) P &lt; 0.001). Meanwhile, GP decreased medium- high-quality hays (MQH HQH; Metabolizable energy tended decrease MQH HQH = 0.078). Therefore, this study suggested can be potential supplement ruminant diet due its abundant dietary proteins leaves. However, further studies (e.g. vitro or vivo investigating other rumen parameters should performed validate how supplemented livestock.